|
Social Network Analysis is an immensely powerful tool for uncovering and understanding
the 'hidden architecture' in your organization.
The days of the hierarchical, command-and-control organization are fast disappearing.
Today's progressive companies are knowledge-based, geographically dispersed, structured by
virtual teams and informal networks. Many decisions are made on the basis of personal
expertise and influence rather than positional power. The organization chart does not
represent what really happens in an organization: it is little more than an idealised
abstraction.
How are decisions really made?
Who are the lynchpins that people consult before making a decision?
Who are the key opinion formers?
Who is trusted?
How effective are the relationships between people?
Where are interactions and decision making distorted by politics, physical proximity, cliques or prejudices?
Where is innovation happening, or not?
This is where social network diagnosis can provide a powerful tool to
diagnose your business. The hidden relationships can be represented visually as a network,
with people as nodes and relationships as links. The relationships can be anything from
'effectiveness of relationshipships' to 'provides me with information upon which to base
decisions'. The links can be associated with 'weight', such as the extent of the quality
of the relationships, or the frequency of contact. Data is normally collected using a
brief electronic survey.
The diagram above shows a network for a department,
showing the 'consults' relationship. Beth is the department head, yet the diagram makes it
clear that most people speak to Bob first. Bob is an information hub, a central connector.
Such people may be self-effacing and hidden from view put play an important role in the
effectiveness of the organization. Agnes, on the other hand, is also consulted, but less
frequently, on specialist subjects. She is a peripheral specialist.
In the diagram below, there are three separate groups in which
Jenny, Jack and John play the role of boundary spanners, acting as informal information
conduits.
Networks can take many forms from stars (the hub-and-spoke network is
essentially a hierarchy), to long thin networks (which are generally associated with
chains of approval workflows), to richly interconnected heterarchies.
Network analysis has been used to track post-merger integration, team building,
information flow, collaboration patterns.
|